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Many
different approaches have been tried to achieve
enough rigidity and lightness to counter the distorting
effects of cone 'break up', when the outer portion
of a cone vibrates out of phase with the centre
at higher frequencies. The trouble is, stiff light
structures such as metal cones usually exhibit
high 'Q' resonances, while the rigidity of Kevlar
and carbon-fibre cones varies with the direction
of weave, generating strong bell modes in the
break-up pattern.
Celestion
engineers came up with an ingenious solution,
using an inherently stable arch shape, with the
lines of stress contained within the material
so the shape is maintained by the strength of
the material in compression or tension rather
than its bending stiffness. The material they
chose is polypropylene loaded with flaked mica.
Because mica flakes align in the direction of
flow during the injection moulding process, they
stiffen the cone evenly in the plane of the surface,
as well as damping high frequency resonances by
shear between individual flakes.
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